حفاظت و بهره‌برداری منابع ژنتیکی در مواجهه با تغییرات اقلیمی

Climate change, including temperature increase, precipitation decrease, changes in the spatial and temporal distribution of rainfall, changes in the type of precipitation and atmospheric conditions, and alterations in daily and nightly temperatures, as well as minimum and maximum temperatures, have an impact on genetic diversity, vegetation cover, and the feasibility of agricultural production in various regions. These changes have wide-ranging effects on biodiversity, such Changes in species distribution, life cycles, population dynamics, and ecosystem structure and function. Therefore, humanity faces a significant challenge in managing global genetic resources for food and agriculture, as climate change affects genetic resources, which serve as key components of stability, flexibility, and adaptability in production systems, food security, livelihoods, and environmental services, playing a crucial role in mitigation and adaptation to climate change. Genetic diversity enhances the resilience to harsh conditions, facilitating adaptation to climate change, yet it is itself influenced by climate change. Hence, studying the impacts and mitigating the detrimental effects of climate change and utilizing genetic diversity to sustainably use and conservation and utilization of genetic resources in response to evolving conditions is essential. Given the importance of the agricultural sector, deeper studies on the various implications of climate change on agricultural biodiversity and designing adaptation strategies will aid in long-term food security preservation for the country.