نقش تنوع گونه‎های درختی در کاهش اثرات اختلالات ناشی از تغییر اقلیم بر اکوسیستم‎های جنگلی

The impact of climate change on forest biodiversity is a complex and multifaceted issue. Climate changes cause changes in temperature, precipitation patterns and other environmental factors that directly affect the composition and functioning of forest ecosystems. The present study is a review of the study conducted with the aim of investigating the role of tree species diversity in reducing the effects of climate change disturbances on forest ecosystems. The results of the studies showed that the increase in temperature and changes in rainfall can lead to a change in the geographical range of the presence of plant and animal species and cause the migration of some species to new areas or extinction on a local scale. This can disrupt the established ecological relationships and lead to the loss of biodiversity. In addition, climate change can increase the frequency and severity of disturbances such as fires, droughts, and pest outbreaks, putting pressure on forest ecosystems and threatening their biodiversity. Some forest species may disappear, while invasive species may thrive, leading to changes in forest structure and composition. The impact of climate change on forest biodiversity varies by region and ecosystem, so that some regions experience more severe effects than others. In general, it can be stated that efforts to reduce and adapt to climate change, such as sustainable forest management practices, can help preserve forest biodiversity in the face of these challenges.