برآورد شار گرمای محسوس بهینه در مدل بیلان انرژی برآورد تبخیر و تعرق

To tackle the emerging challenges posed by water scarcity within hydrological contexts, the accurate estimation of evapotranspiration (ET) on a spatio-temporal scale stands as a pivotal necessity. This is especially critical in the context of comprehending climate change dynamics, notably within Pakistan's ongoing water resource management strategies aligned with the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), where water holds precedence. This investigative endeavor aimed at delving into the procedure of computing sensible heat through energy balance models and leveraging remote sensing techniques based on Landsat 8 satellite imagery, specifically in the expanse of flood spreading across the Shrine-Qarecheryan plain aquifer situated in the northwest sector of Zanjan province. The findings unveiled the magnitudes of sensible heat flux across three distinct temporal points during the plant growth phases (10/10/2020, 03/19/2021, and 6/23/2021), demonstrating values ranging from 279 to 353, 308 to 318, and 157 to 309 w/m2 correspondingly. Notably, regions characterized by elevated Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) readings, indicative of denser vegetation presence, exhibited diminished sensible heat flux (H) levels. Conversely, zones marked by lower NDVI readings showcased heightened sensible heat flux measures, thereby implying an inverse correlation between NDVI and H. This interrelation between vegetation density and sensible heat flux could serve as a valuable tool in refining water resource management strategies and enhancing precision agriculture methodologies. Ultimately, the outcomes of this study underscore the utility of satellite imagery coupled with indices like sensible heat flux (H) in enhancing comprehension of energy balance mechanisms operative on the earth's surface.