پاسخ رسوب و نرخ بازیابی آن در اثر عملیات چوبکشی با اسکیدرهای چرخ‌لاستیکی در مسیرهای خروج چوب در جنگل‌های شمال ایران

Forest hydrology includes the effects of forest vegetation on the water cycle, soil erosion and water quality, which under normal conditions, enters a forest watershed or is absorbed by vegetation or stored in the soil profile to be absorbed by vegetation and or enter streams as base flow. Harvesting wood (exploitation of the forest) can cause an increase in sediment entering surface waters by accelerating the intensity of erosion from the field. The non-point polluting source is known as a significant source of surface water quality problems and is the main source of this pollution with the sediment transported from the forest area. The aim of the present study is to investigate the sediment recovery in three longitudinal slopes of the wood extraction route (15%, 25% and 35%) and different levels of logging machine traffic (low, medium and high), in a two-year period in the forests of northern Iran after operations. It was forest exploitation. The average sediment increased significantly with the increase in the slope of the wood exit route. The average sediment was 0.01 kg/m2, 0.03 kg/m2, and 0.05 kg/m2 in low traffic intensity in the first year for road slopes of 15, 25, and 35%, respectively. The most deposition occurred in the first year. As a result, the results emphasized the necessity of using the best forestry management practices, such as using surplus cuttings during harvesting operations, as well as installing water diversion structures