اثر شیب و شدت تردد ماشین‌های بهره‌برداری جنگل بر مقدار رواناب و بازیابی هیدرولوژیک در مسیرهای چوبکشی

Factors of physical soil destruction are logging roads, erosion and pounding, followed by the production of runoff and sediment. In exploited areas, the presence of organic matter on the forest floor, such as the layer of litter, wood debris, and surface roughness is very important in preventing the separation of soil particles and to some extent reduces runoff and the movement of particles down the slope. Compacted soils have less water penetration and hydraulic conductivity, which helps to increase runoff on slopes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the runoff in three longitudinal slopes of the logging road (15%, 25%, and 35%) and different levels of logging truck traffic (low, medium, and high), in a two-year period. The results show that the road slope and traffic intensity have a significant effect on the apparent specific mass of the soil and the total porosity in logging roads. The average amount of runoff was significantly different among the slopes of the logging road and varied from 1.59 mm in the 15% road slope and 2.76 mm in the 25% road slope, to 4.76 mm in the 35% road slope in low traffic intensity. Was. The highest amount of runoff measured occurred in the first year after logging operations. The results of this research showed that the canopy changes and disturbance of the forest soil litter layer cause runoff in the upstream slopes, which requires the use of appropriate management methods in logging routes.